Abstract： Analysis of soil counterforce and displacement of circular caisson pipe jacking project was made under the effect of different top edge using the site monitoring method as well as the comparative validation of distribution pattern of resistance of different open caisson using finite element numerical simulation methods. The results show that the distribution pattern of resistance of open caisson is approximated by a straight line which mutates in the depth of the caisson bottom due to the stiffness of the floor at large and reaches the maximum at the foot. The displacement of soil occurs less but as a whole under the jacking force. Simultaneously, the rationality of less than the active state was verified in the case that the soil of open caisson produces a smaller displacement under the caisson sinking back below the front wall of the active state which gives the variation of inking back soil reactions with the different distance.