从事实之真到心性之真:知识翻译学真知二维体系建构

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2026.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人工智能在事实性知识处理上的卓越能力,要求知识翻译学重新审视“真知”内涵、彰显人类译者的独特价值。本文以王阳明心学为理论资源,在知识翻译学“事实之真”的基础上,首次提出并系统阐释“心性之真”概念,构建“真知”的二维理论框架。“事实之真”确保知识加工的事实准确性,是翻译的基础维度;“心性之真”强调译者通过“致良知”工夫实现文化意象的精神转化与诗意重构,是翻译的升华维度。二者并非两个独立的“真”,而是“真”的客观与主体向度,是基础与超越、工具与价值、技术与人文的辩证统一,在译者“致良知”的实践中达成本体性融合。通过对《人生·江湖》一诗中核心文化意象的AI翻译局限与人类译者心性转化的对比分析,揭示了AI可高效传递“事实之真”,但唯有具备心性体认的人类译者方能触及“契于良知”的翻译境界。读者接受验证进一步证实“心性之真”路径在心性共鸣、负面规避与最高认可三方面的独特价值。本文为知识翻译学在AI时代的人文转向提供了理论支点,也为中国文化对外传播的深度实践开辟了心性路径。

关键词: 知识翻译学, 事实之真, 心性之真, 致良知, AI翻译

Abstract:

Artificial intelligence’s remarkable capabilities in processing factual knowledge prompt Transknowletology to re-examine the connotation of “true knowledge” and highlight the unique value of human translators. Drawing on Wang Yangming’s philosophy of mind, this paper builds upon the “factual truth” in Transknowletology to propose and systematically interpret the concept of “mind-nature truth,” thereby constructing a two-dimensional theoretical framework of “true knowledge.” “Factual truth” ensures the factual accuracy of knowledge processing, serving as the foundational dimension of translation. “Mind-nature truth”, emphasizing the translator’s spiritual transformation and poetic reconstruction of cultural images through the practice of zhì liángzhī (extending innate moral knowledge), represents the transcendent dimension. Instead of two separate truths, they are the objective and subjective dimensions of truth, forming a dialectical unity of foundation and transcendence, instrument and value, technology and humanity, and achieving ontological integration in the translator’s practice of “extending innate moral knowledge”. Through a comparative analysis of AI’s limitations and the human translator’s mind-nature transformation in rendering core cultural images in the poem Life in Jianghu, this paper reveals that while AI can efficiently convey “factual truth”, only human translators with mind-nature understanding can attain the translational realm of “consonance with innate moral knowledge”. Reader reception validation further confirms the distinctive value of the “mind-nature truth” pathway in three aspects: mind-nature resonance, avoidance of negative connotations, and highest recognition. This paper provides a theoretical pivot for the humanistic turn of Transknowletology in the AI era and offers a mind-nature pathway for the in-depth practice of disseminating Chinese culture abroad.

Key words: Transknowletology, factual truth, mind-nature truth, zhì liángzhī, AI translation

中图分类号:

H315.9

杨镇源. 从事实之真到心性之真:知识翻译学真知二维体系建构[J]. 当代外语研究, 2026, 26(2): 55-66.

YANG Zhenyuan. From Fact to Mind Truth: Construction of Epistemic Translation’s Truth System[J]. Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies, 2026, 26(2): 55-66.

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维度	核心内涵	功能定位	解决路径	哲学根基
事实之真	合于事实	基础层·基础保障	事实对应	符合论
↓承载↑升华	↓奠基↑超越	↓前提↑目的	↓工具↑价值	↓技术↑人文
心性之真	契于良知	升华层·境界追求	致良知	心学本体论

文化意象	AI译文示例	事实之真(成就)	心性之真(缺失)
风云	storms / winds and clouds	对应动荡/字面义	无法传递英雄辈出的历史气象
江湖	rivers and lakes / jianghu	地理本义/音译保留	前者误读,后者空洞,未达“人世间”意蕴
皇图霸业	Kingdoms / Empires and conquest	对应政治军事争夺	窄化为权力之争,遮蔽人生抱负与幻灭感
醉	drunk / intoxication / stupor	对应饮酒过量	降格为生理反应,未传递诗性超越

评分等级	译文A	译文B	译文C	译文D
非常不喜欢	19.23%	1.92%	7.69%	0%
不喜欢	21.15%	7.69%	9.62%	11.54%
中立	26.92%	25%	36.54%	23.08%
喜欢	13.46%	42.31%	32.69%	40.38%
非常喜欢	19.23%	23.08%	13.46%	25.00%

指标	译文A	译文B	译文C	译文D
均值	2.94	3.75	3.35	3.79
标准差	1.40	0.90	1.10	0.93

理论维度	提及占比	代表性精选评论
事实之真	15.4%(8次)	honestly(诚恳)、remarkably clear(异常清晰)
心性之真—心性共鸣	26.9%(14次)	really immersive(真正沉浸)、it feels more natural(感觉更自然)
心性之真—意境传达	17.3%(9次)	slightly eerie(略带玄妙)、the artistic conception is vivid(意境生动)
语言力度(实现保障)	23.1%(12次)	powerfully simple(简洁有力)、punchy and bold(犀利大胆)