局部语法作为语料库语言学意义研究的前沿路径,其理论内涵、类型与方法论仍有待系统厘清。研究立足于弗斯-辛克莱学术传统,提出以下核心命题:局部语法的本质并非对传统语法的修补,而是对意义分析范式的一种重构,即从追求普遍规则转向描写局部型式,从形式驱动转向意义和功能驱动,从静态规约性系统到基于使用的动态描写系统。基于此,文章整合了已有研究,提出三层级局部语法体系,旨在系统揭示意义在语言不同层面的构建与实现方式。第一层,复合词项局部语法,旨在刻画意义在词汇组合中结构化模式;第二层,言语行为局部语法,旨在分析意义在特定交际意图语境中的功能实现;第三层,语篇局部语法,旨在描写意义在文本组织中的宏观建构机制。研究表明,上述路径虽取向各异,但共享以真实语料为根基的方法论内核,聚焦于语境中形式与意义的系统性共选关系。该研究力求为局部语法研究提供清晰的概念框架与方法论参照,进而推动该领域从分散的个案分析迈向系统的理论建构。

As a cutting-edge approach to meaning studies in corpus linguistics, local grammar still requires systematic clarification regarding its theories, categories and research methodology. Grounded in Firthian and Sinclairian academic traditions, this study proposes the following core argument: local grammar aims to reconstruct a paradigm for meaning analysis rather than make amendments to traditional grammars. Local grammar specifically defines a shift from the pursuit of universal principles to the description of local patterns, from form-driven approaches to meaning, and function-driven perspectives, and from static prescriptive system to a use-based dynamic descriptive system. Based on those arguements and the previous related research, the paper proposes a three-tier local grammar analytic framework, aiming to systematically reveal how meaning is constructed and realized at different linguistic levels. The first tier, the local grammar of compound lexical items, seeks to characterize the structured patterns of meaning in lexical combinations; the second tier, the local grammar of speech acts, aims to analyze the functional realization of meaning in contexts of specific communicative intentions; the third tier, the local grammar of discourse, is designed to describe the macro-constructive mechanisms of meaning in textual organization. It is indicated that while the three kinds of local grammars vary in their orientations, they share a methodological core grounded in language data in actual use, focusing on the systematic co-selection of form and meaning in specific contexts. This paper aims to provide a clear conceptual framework and methodological reference for local grammar studies, thereby advancing the field from fragmented case analyses toward systematic theoretical construction.