目的：探讨发生在胃肠道的钙化性纤维性肿瘤（calcifying fibrous tumor，CFT）的病理及免疫组化特征、诊断和鉴别诊断要点。方法：回顾性收集黄山市人民医院2023年10月至2024年11月连续入组的胃肠道CFT病例5例，分析患者的临床及病理资料，并复习相关文献。结果：5例患者中，男性2例，女性3例，年龄为49~68岁，4例单发（位于胃体3例、胃底部1例），1例为胃体、回肠及盆腹壁多发性肿块。镜下特征表现为大量玻璃样变的胶原纤维背景下夹杂少量纤维母细胞及血管，细胞无异型，核分裂象罕见，其中3例伴有砂砾体或营养不良性钙化。免疫组化检测示，肿瘤细胞表达Vimentin（5/5）、SMA（2/5）、CD34（1/5）和CD117（2/5），均不表达DOG-1、Desmin、S-100，Ki-67增殖指数约为1%。5例患者随访6~18个月，均无肿瘤复发和转移。结论：胃肠道CFT是一种相对罕见的良性肿瘤，需要与胃肠道间质瘤、炎症性肌纤维母细胞瘤等其他间叶源性肿瘤相鉴别，特征性的玻璃样变性及营养不良性钙化等组织形态有助于诊断。

Objective To investigate the pathological and immunohistochemical features, diagnosis, and key points of differential diagnosis of calcifying fibrous tumors (CFT) occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 5 consecutive patients with gastrointestinal CFT admitted to Huangshan People's Hospital from October 2023 to November 2024 were retrospectively collected. The clinical and pathological features of gastrointestinal CFT were analyzed by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results Among the 5 patients, there were 2 males and 3 females, aged between 49 and 68 years old. Four cases with single lesion occurred in the gastric body (3 cases) and fundus (1 cases), and one case involved multiple masses in the gastric body, ileum, and pelvic abdominal wall. Microscopically, the tumors exhibited abundant hyalinized collagen fibers mixed with a small number of fibroblasts and blood vessels. The cells showed no atypia, and mitotic figures were rare. Three cases were accompanied by psammoma bodies or dystrophic calcifications. Immunohistochemical staining showed that tumor cells expressed Vimentin (5/5), SMA (2/5), CD34 (1/5), and CD117 (2/5), but no DOG-1, Desmin, and S-100. The Ki-67 proliferation index was approximately 1%. All 5 patients were followed up for 6-18 months, and no tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed. Conclusions Gastrointestinal CFT is a relatively rare benign tumor that needs to be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors. Characteristic histomorphological features, such as hyaline degeneration and dystrophic calcification, are helpful for diagnosis.