诊断学理论与实践

诊断学理论与实践 >

2026 , Vol. 25 >Issue 02: 239 - 244

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16150/j.1671-2870.2026.02.016

医学教育

人工智能在神经内科住院医师规范化培训中的应用现状及挑战

  • 高丽 ,
  • 赵楠 ,
  • 陈莺 ,
  • 李爽 ,
  • 姚小英 ,
  • 潘元美 ,
  • 支楠 ,
  • 王刚
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  • 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科， 上海 200127
支楠 E-mail：zhinan@renji.com；
王刚 E-mail：wanggang@renji.com

收稿日期: 2026-01-18

  修回日期: 2026-03-01

  录用日期: 2026-03-19

  网络出版日期: 2026-04-25

基金资助

上海交通大学“交大之星”医工交叉项目(YG2023QNB10);2022年度上海高校市级重点课程建设立项项目;2024年度上海交通大学医学院本科荣誉课程建设重点资助项目;2025年度上海-渥太华联合医学院第二轮全英语课程建设立项项目(Unit Ⅲ神经系统模块);2025年度上海交通大学医学院本科核心课程建设立项项目

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Application status and challenges of artificial intelligence in standardized residency training of neurology

  • GAO Li ,
  • ZHAO Nan ,
  • CHEN Ying ,
  • LI Shuang ,
  • YAO Xiaoying ,
  • PAN Yuanmei ,
  • ZHI Nan ,
  • WANG Gang
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Received date: 2026-01-18

  Revised date: 2026-03-01

  Accepted date: 2026-03-19

  Online published: 2026-04-25

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摘要

住院医师规范化培训（以下简称住培）是培养合格临床医师的核心环节，其效果直接决定了医师的临床胜任力与专业发展潜力。神经内科因疾病谱系复杂、病情多变、医患沟通要求高的特点，对培训质量提出了更高的要求。近年来，随着人工智能（artificial intelligence， AI）技术在医学领域的深度渗透，为神经内科住培提供了新方案。本文结合神经内科住培现状，探讨AI技术在神经内科住培体系理论教学、临床实践和评价考核三大核心环节的应用场景，重点分析AI在脑血管病、神经退行性疾病、癫痫、神经系统罕见病及神经影像判读等专科住培体系的赋能价值，并分析当前AI技术应用过程中面临的技术、教学、伦理等方面的挑战，同时提出针对性优化策略，旨在构建“人文为核、科技为翼”的住培体系，为AI与神经内科住培深度融合提供实践参考，助力培养兼具专业素养、创新能力和人文精神的新时代神经内科医师。

关键词： 神经内科; 住院医师规范化培训; 人工智能; 神经系统疾病; 医学人文

本文引用格式

高丽 , 赵楠 , 陈莺 , 李爽 , 姚小英 , 潘元美 , 支楠 , 王刚 . 人工智能在神经内科住院医师规范化培训中的应用现状及挑战[J]. 诊断学理论与实践, 2026 , 25(02) : 239 -244 . DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2026.02.016

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