低氧诱导因子脯氨酸羟化酶抑制剂（hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, HIF-PHI）是治疗肾性贫血的新型口服药物，但近两年国内外均有其药物不良事件的报道。本文报道了2例终末期肾病规律血液透析患者，在口服HIF-PHI罗沙司他后出现可逆性中枢性甲状腺功能减退。该2例维持性血液透析患者于口服罗沙司他1年后逐渐出现非特异性的不适症状，检查发现甲状腺功能异常，颅脑磁共振成像未发现异常。停用罗沙司他后复查甲状腺功能恢复正常，相关症状消失。这2例病例提示,对于口服罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的患者，有必要监测甲状腺功能。

Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) is a novel class of oral medications for treating renal anemia, but adverse drug events have been reported both in China and internationally in recent years. This article reports two cases of reversible central hypothyroidism following the administration of the HIF-PHI roxadustat in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis with end-stage renal disease. Both patients gradually developed non-specific discomfort symptoms after one year of oral roxadustat treatment. Laboratory tests revealed abnormal thyroid function, while cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormalities. After discontinuation of roxadustat, thyroid function returned to normal and the symptoms resolved. These two cases suggest that it is necessary to monitor thyroid function in patients receiving oral roxadustat for renal anemia.