多组学技术在代谢相关脂肪性肝病临床异质性研究中的应用
收稿日期: 2026-02-20
修回日期: 2026-04-04
录用日期: 2026-04-14
网络出版日期: 2026-06-15
基金资助
国家科技重大专项（新突发与重大传染病防控）(2025ZD101906400);国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(82325008);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82500717)
版权
Multi-omics technologies in the study of clinical heterogeneity of metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Received date: 2026-02-20
Revised date: 2026-04-04
Accepted date: 2026-04-14
Online published: 2026-06-15
Copyright
代谢相关脂肪性肝病（metabolic associated fatty liver disease，MAFLD）是全球患病率最高的慢性肝病，已成为重要的公共卫生问题。MAFLD不仅损害肝功能，还与多系统疾病发病风险升高密切相关，包括心血管疾病、慢性肾脏病和 2型糖尿病。然而，当前MAFLD治疗仍面临有效药物匮乏、药物疗效存在显著局限等问题。其核心挑战在于MAFLD患者群体存在高度异质性。本文系统综述了多组学技术（包括全基因组关联分析、转录组测序、蛋白质组学和代谢组学）在解析MAFLD异质性方面取得的突破性研究成果，总结了基于上述多组学特征界定的MAFLD亚型及其分子机制，从而为MAFLD患者的精准风险分层及个体化治疗靶点的开发提供重要科学依据。
丁晶晶 , 柴进 . 多组学技术在代谢相关脂肪性肝病临床异质性研究中的应用[J]. 内科理论与实践, 2026 , 21(02) : 119 -123 . DOI: 10.16138/j.1673-6087.2026.02.03
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide and has become an important public health issue. MAFLD not only impairs liver function but is also closely associated with an increased risk of multi-system diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, current treatment for MAFLD still faces challenges such as a lack of effective drugs and significant limitations in drug efficacy. The core challenge lies in the high degree of clinical heterogeneity among MAFLD patients. This article systematically reviews the breakthrough research findings achieved by multi-omics technologies (including genome-wide association analysis, transcriptome sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics) in deciphering the heterogeneity of MAFLD, and summarizes the MAFLD subtypes and their molecular mechanisms defined based on the above multi-omics characteristics, thereby providing a critical scientific basis for precision risk stratification and the development of personalized therapeutic targets for MAFLD patients.
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