胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素单克隆抗体在重度哮喘治疗中的研究进展
收稿日期: 2026-02-04
修回日期: 2026-02-28
录用日期: 2026-03-26
网络出版日期: 2026-06-15
版权
Research progress on the application of thymic stromal lymphopoietin monoclonal antibody in the treatment of severe asthma
Received date: 2026-02-04
Revised date: 2026-02-28
Accepted date: 2026-03-26
Online published: 2026-06-15
Copyright
本文综述了抗胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（thymic stromal lymphopoietin，TSLP）单克隆抗体特泽利尤单抗（tezepelumab）在重度哮喘治疗中的研究进展。哮喘是一种慢性气道炎症性疾病，全球患病率高且控制率低，尤其是重度哮喘患者对常规治疗反应不佳。TSLP作为上皮来源的警报素，位于炎症级联反应顶端，可驱动多种哮喘表型的病理过程。特泽利尤单抗作为全人源抗TSLP单克隆抗体，通过特异性结合TSLP并阻断其与TSLP受体（TSLP receptor，TSLPR）的相互作用，减少白介素（interleukin，IL）4、IL-5、IL-13等2型炎症因子的产生。多项动物实验及临床试验表明，抗TSLP抗体能显著减轻气道炎症，降低气道高反应性，抑制气道重塑，降低哮喘年化急性加重率，延长至首次发作持续时间，改善肺功能[如第1秒用力呼气量（forced expiratory volume in the first second，FEV1）]，降低血嗜酸性粒细胞计数、呼出气一氧化氮（fractional exhaled nitric oxide，FeNO）及总免疫球蛋白E（immunoglobulin E，IgE）水平，并在不同炎症表型患者中均显示出疗效。
关键词： 抗胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素; 重度哮喘; 单克隆抗体; 生物靶向治疗
张敏 , 邓贤坤 . 胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素单克隆抗体在重度哮喘治疗中的研究进展[J]. 内科理论与实践, 2026 , 21(02) : 183 -187 . DOI: 10.16138/j.1673-6087.2026.02.13
This article reviews the research progress on tezepelumab, an anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of severe asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with high global prevalence and low control rate, especially in patients with severe asthma who respond poorly to conventional therapies. TSLP, an epithelial-derived alarmin, sits at the apex of the inflammatory cascade and drives the pathological processes of multiple asthma phenotypes. Tezepelumab, a fully human anti-TSLP monoclonal antibody, specifically binds TSLP and prevents its interaction with TSLP receptor (TSLPR), thereby reducing the production of type 2 inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Multiple animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that anti-TSLP antibodies can significantly alleviate airway inflammation, reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibit airway remodeling, decrease annualized rate of acute asthma exacerbation, prolong time to first exacerbation, improve lung function [e.g., forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)], lower blood eosinophil count, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as well as total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, and demonstrate efficacy across patients with different inflammatory phenotypes.
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