多倍体肝细胞状态对肝纤维化、肝硬化以及肿瘤复发的影响

doi:10.16139/j.1007-9610.2026.02.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类体细胞染色体组为二倍体，当染色体组成倍增加时细胞呈多倍体。肝脏是人体少数特异性富含多倍体细胞的脏器。肝细胞多倍体化参与肝脏发育和各种肝脏疾病进程。本综述系统整合了近年来关于肝细胞倍性研究的前沿进展，从倍性变化的模式切入，对肝细胞的不同倍性状态加以区分，并强调双核多倍体与单核多倍体肝细胞在形成机制上的差异。综述进一步聚焦于单核多倍体肝细胞，探讨其形成所依赖的病理背景，并将其与肝硬化及肝细胞癌复发等特定病理变化相联系。在多种可导致肝硬化的慢性肝脏疾病中，肝细胞异常增加的单核多倍体化不仅加速了肝纤维化与硬化的进程，同时其在肝组织中的比例也与肝癌病人的预后密切相关。深入解析肝细胞单核多倍体化的调控机制，将为改善肝内纤维化及硬化微环境、预防肝癌复发等基础研究与临床策略提供新的理论依据与干预思路。

关键词: 多倍体, 肝细胞, 倍性, 肝纤维化, 肝细胞癌

Abstract:

Human somatic cells are inherently diploid, and an increase in chromosomal content results in polyploidy. The liver is one of the few human organs that is uniquely enriched in polyploid hepatocytes. Hepatocyte polyploidization participates in liver development and the progression of diverse hepatic diseases. This review systematically integrated recent advances in hepatocyte ploidy research by outlining the principal modes of ploidy transition, delineating distinct ploidy states, and emphasizing the mechanistic differences between binucleated and mononucleated polyploid hepatocytes. We further concentrated on mononucleated polyploid hepatocytes, examining the pathological conditions that underpin their emergence and linking these changes to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. Across chronic liver diseases that predispose to liver cirrhosis, aberrant expansion of mononucleated polyploid hepatocytes not only accelerated progression liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, but also showed a strong association with clinical outcomes in patients with HCC. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms that govern mononucleated polyploidization will provide a conceptual foundation for improving the fibrotic and cirrhotic microenvironment and for informing therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing HCC recurrence.

Key words: Polyploidy, Hepatocyte, Ploidy, Liver fibrosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma

中图分类号:

骆薪屹, 鲁逸权, 张亦凡, 汪楠, 郝风节, 王俊青. 多倍体肝细胞状态对肝纤维化、肝硬化以及肿瘤复发的影响[J]. 外科理论与实践, 2026, 31(02): 169-174.

LUO Xinyi, LU Yiquan, ZHANG Yifan, WANG Nan, HAO Fengjie, WANG Junqing. Impact of polyploid hepatocyte status on liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and tumor recurrence[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2026, 31(02): 169-174.

图/表 2

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