目的 探讨基于三维打印和组织工程技术构建人阴茎形态软骨支撑体的可行性.方法 应用三维打印技术制备人阴茎形态聚己内酯/羟基磷灰石(PCL/HA)内核,并在外层包被聚羟基乙酸/聚乳酸(PGA/PLA)细胞支架,组装成人阴茎形态三维复合支架.获取乳猪关节软骨细胞,培养、扩增至第1代,收取细胞,接种至复合支架,体外培养4周后植入裸鼠皮下,体内8周后取材,进行大体及组织学观察.结果 人阴茎形态复合支架形态逼真,植入裸鼠体内8周后,再生出人阴茎形态的软骨支撑体,支撑体表面形成均质、成熟的软骨层,软骨层与内核支架融合良好.结论 基于三维打印和组织工程技术,可形成内核为PCL/HA支架,外层包被成熟软骨的人阴茎形态软骨支撑体.

Objective To explore the feasibility of constructing a penis-shaped cartilage using tissue engineering and 3D printing technologies. Methods A composite scaffold composed of PCL/HA and PGA/PLA were prepared for the reconstruction of penis-shaped cartilage by 3D printing. The penis-shaped PCL/HA scaffold prepared by 3D printing was beset between two separate PGA/PLA scaffolds that have a penis-shaped appearance. Articular chondrocytes were obtained from one-day-old roasters and then proliferated in order to meet the need of seeding sufficient cell into grafts. Cell-seeded constructs were cultivated in cartilage-inducing media for 4 weeks and then implanted under the dorsum skin of athymic nude mice. After 8 weeks' cultivation in vivo, constructs were harvested and grossly observed. Then the specimens were sagittally dissected to observe the interface between the regenerated cartilage and the porous PCL/HA scaffold and histology of engineered cartilage was examined in vivo. Results Penis-shaped models made of PCL/HA were printed into an exact penis shape and then composite scaffolds were assembled into a verisimilar penis. In the process of reconstruction, the initial shape of cell-seeded constructs were generally maintained. The surface of the specimens was smooth and continuous and no vascularization was observed. In cross section, the PCL/HA core were completely surrounded by the homogeneous neocartilage and the two phase interlocked well with each other. Conclusion It is feasible to construct a penis-shaped cartilage with the PCL/HA core surrounded by the homogeneous neocartilage by using tissue engineering and 3D printing technologies.