缺损皮肤的再生与修复一直是临床亟待解决的难题之一。目前,虽然已有众多的皮肤替代物实现了临床应用,但是多数只能简单地实现表皮层和真皮层的结构性修复,修复的皮肤组织往往不含毛囊、汗腺、皮脂腺等皮肤附属器,难以重建皮肤的各项功能。本文从种子细胞、支架材料及其生物活性化三个方面,详细介绍了具有附属器官再生功能,特别是毛囊再生性能的皮肤替代物的研究进展,同时对该领域未来发展进行展望。

It is still an urgent problem to regenerate and repair skin defects in clinic. Up to now, even though a lot of skin substitutes have been developed and realize the clinical application, most of them can only repair the structure of epidermis and simple dermis. The reconstructive skin tissue can＇t reconstruct the functions of normal skin, usually due to the lack of skin appendages, such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. In this paper, from the aspects of seed cells, scaffold materials and its bioactivation, the skin substitutes with the ability of regenerating skin appendages, especially hair follicles were reviewed. Finally, some important challenges for the future studies in this field were discussed.