穿支皮瓣技术是目前整形外科最常用的重建技术之一。但穿支血管管径细、变异大,术前需进行精准的定位。自上世纪90年代以来,各种显像技术被应用于穿支血管的术前定位,包括多普勒超声技术、计算机断层扫描血管成像、磁共振血管成像等。通过这些技术,可以进行术前设计和皮瓣切取,从而减少手术时间,降低术中并发率,提高手术成功率。本文就目前穿支皮瓣术前血管定位技术的研究与应用进展进行综述。

The clinical applications of perforator flaps have gained popularity in the past decades. Due to the significant variation of perforator vascular anatomical features, it is common sense to map the relevant vessels before the reconstructive operations. A great variety of imaging techniques have been applied into the preoperative mapping of perforators, including color Doppler ultrasound, computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography. In this paper, the clinical study and application of these techniques were reviewed.