Objective To evaluate the effect of two kinds of cell-assisted lipotransfer for breast augmentation. Methods Thirty patients accepted breast augmentation using cell-assisted lipotransfer （CAL）, and completed 12-month follow-up. According to the stromal vascular fraction （SVF） distilled from adipose tissue or aspirated liquid, the patients were divided into 2 groups：S group and L group. Flow-cytometry was used to detect the percentage of adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs） in distilled SVF. The breast volumes and images were evaluated by MRI pre-operative, 6 and 12 months post-operative. The data of breast volume were marked and the resorption rate of transplanted adipose tissue was calculated. Results Averagely, the percentage of ADSCs in freshly distilled SVF in S group is 40.73% and 3.75% in L group. MRI showed that the breast volume 6-month post-operative and 12-month post-operative were both larger than that of preoperative in S group （P〈0.05）, while no significant difference between the breast volume 6-month post-operative and 12-month post-operative were observed （P〉0.05）, neither the resorption rate of 6 and 12-month post-operative （P〉0.05）, and the resorption rate of transplanted adipose tissue 12-month post-operative in S group was （51.83±15.28）%. However, there were no significant difference of breast volume among three time points in L group （P〉0.05）, neither the resorption rate of 6 and 12-month post-operative （P〉0.05）, and the resorption rate of transplanted adipose tissue 12-month post-operative in L group was （75.47±12.20）%. In addition, no calcification was seen in all MRI images but cysts were found in two cases of S group. Conclusion In process of breast augmentaion using cell-assissted lipotransfer, the distilled SVF from adipose tissue contains more ADSCs than that from aspirated liquid. The cell-assisted lipotransfer for breast augmentation is effective, safe, and the shrinkage stalls at 6-month post-operative.