关键词: 巴西东部海域, 避航区, 深水油气田

Abstract: With the rapid development of offshore oil and gas exploration and production， as well as the increasingly busy maritime traffic， the issue of safety precautions for offshore oil and gas production facilities has become increasingly severe. To safeguard the security of its oil and gas production facilities in the eastern offshore， Brazil has applied to the International Maritime Organization （IMO） over the past two decades to establish five areas to be avoided （ATBA）， where commercial ships are prohibited from passing through. This paper analyzes the characteristics of oil and gas production in Brazil’s eastern offshore and the establishment process of these five ATBAs. Furthermore， it introduces the analysis of waterways and vessel density around oilfields based on ship automatic identification system （AIS） data， the calculation method for the probability of collision accidents between floating production storage and offloading （FPSO） vessels and merchant ships， and the design method for polygon ATBAs. The experience of Brazil in establishing these zones provides a valuable reference for China’s offshore oil and gas development. Specifically， it suggests enhancing the safety factor of offshore oil and gas facilities by combining ATBA with existing maritime electronic fence systems.

Key words: eastern coast of Brazil, areas to be avoided, deepwater oil and gas fields