宁波11-1某探井设计完钻井深达到4638 m，在三开12-1/4英寸（1英寸≈2.54 cm）井眼钻进至4100 m时，起钻更换钻具下钻中发生卡钻。通过分析，初步判断卡钻原因为井眼缩径或者井壁垮塌卡钻，并相应地采取了反向活动钻具、大吨位上提下放以及泵入解卡剂、钻井液、海水配合大吨位活动钻具等措施尝试解卡。在无法建立循环通路的情况下，尝试了环空打压、微压裂地层建立循环通路等新的处理技术措施。虽然最终仍未解卡，采用了爆炸松扣，但为后续类似卡钻提供了新的处理思路。对上述技术措施和处理过程做了详细介绍和深入分析，提供了在理论和实际操作两个层面应对类似卡钻事故的技术方法。
An exploration well of Ningbo 11-1 has been designed with a drilling depth of 4638 m. However, sticking occurs when the drilling depth of 12-1/4 inch hole reaches 4100 m and the bottom hole assembly (BHA) needs to be changed. Through the preliminary analysis of the reasons, the sticking is considered resulting from hole shrinkage or wall collapse. Various methods are adopted to solve the problem, including reverse drilling tools, large tonnage lifting and lowering, as well as pumping releasing agent, drilling fluid and sea water to match large tonnage movable drilling tools. In the absence of a loop path, new treatment measures such as annulus pressure suppression and micro fracture formation are attempted. In the end, the problem is not resolved and explosion has to be performed. Through the detailed introduction to the above technical measures and processes, countermeasures in theory and practical operation are given for such sticking accidents.
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