为了更好地对浮式生产储卸油装置（FPSO）故障进行分析，构建FPSO故障评价体系，基于层次分析法对FPSO进行故障归因研究。选取FPSO油气水分离系统的三相分离器、电脱水器及海管三个要素为研究对象，通过对系统故障原因进行处理、分析，建立层次分析结构模型；利用层次结构对其进行故障因素指标判断，通过计算各个故障因素指标的权重值来对其故障原因进行具体分析。研究结果表明：电脱水器故障所占权重较大，影响程度也较大；另外通过层次分析能够很好地对各个指标层级的权重值进行比较，以判断各层级中影响程度的大小。

In order to better analyze floating production storage offloading （FPSO） faults and construct an FPSO fault evaluation system， this paper uses analytic hierarchy to conduct fault attribution research on FPSO. The three elements of three-phase separator， electrodehydrator and sea pipe of FPSO oil， gas and water separation system were selected as the research objects， and the structural model of hierarchical analysis was established by processing and analyzing the causes of system failures. The hierarchy is used to judge the failure factor indicators， and the weight value of each failure factor indicator is calculated to analyze the cause of the failure. The results show that the weight of electrodehydrator faults is large and the degree of influence is also large， and the weight values of each index level can be well compared through hierarchical analysis to judge the degree of influence in each level.