标示-价值结构是关系小句的描述方式之一,二者的确定以语义为基础,以人们对经验世界的认识为前提。通过对具体语言事实的考察,研究发现,标示-价值结构与关系小句的另一描述方式被认同者-认同者结构以及小句的信息结构的配置组合能够产生不同的句法解释。研究进而尝试对识别式关系小句“谁是NP?”与“NP是谁?”进行分析,阐释两种结构的句法语义差异。作为语义表达的句法表现形式,标示-价值结构可以实现预设和含意等语义关系。研究在展现标示-价值结构在关系小句范围内应用可能性的同时,为更好地理解关系小句的表达本质以及体现和表述功能提供了新的依据。
As the description of the relational clause, the Token-Value configuration is mainly defined in a semantic sense, based on the human understanding of the world experience. This paper, based on the analysis of the specific linguistic facts, finds out that different syntactic explanation of the clause may result from the different organization among the Token-Value configuration, the Identified-Identifier structure and the Information structure by means of a case study of the difference between the two identifying clauses “shui shi NP?” and “NP shi shui?”. Meanwhile, the Token-Value configuration, as the syntactic organization of semantic representation, expresses the semantic relations such as presupposition and implicature. This study indicates the probability of the employment of this configuration in the analysis of relational clauses, and sheds some light on the essence of relational clauses as well as the representational function of the language.
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