语言评价意义是一种主观意义,由词汇、语法手段来体现,根据韩礼德“语言系统的并协与互补”思想,词汇、语法构成连续体,语素作为该连续体的一部分,同样体现了语言评价意义。系统功能语言学中,语言系统和语篇实例是看待语言的两个互补的视角,由此,对系统-实例关系的研究可以从系统到实例,或反之。文章从语言系统潜势出发,采用归纳法,依据“评价语料库”提供的语篇实例,考察英语语素评价意义从系统潜势到语篇实例的体现路径。研究发现,同一语素的评价意义在125个语篇实例中的体现路径各不相同,但可以归纳为五个大的类别;同时,体现过程受三个要素支配:语境范围、语义范畴和语义取向;此外,路径的类型和语篇类型也有一定关系。本研究为考察不同语篇类型之间亲疏关系提供语义参照。
Appraisal meaning of language is similar to subjective meaning, and is realized by lexical and grammatical means. According to “Complementarities of language system” put forward by Halliday, morpheme is on the lexico-grammatical continuity and is among the means to realize the appraisal meaning of language. Linguistic system and instance are two complementary perspectives, studies on which may adopt a system-instance direction or the opposite one. This paper takes the starting point of meaning potential and probes step by step to the 125 instances via an instantiation dimension by adopting inductive method and drawing data from the “Appraisal Corpus”. The findings highlights the following points: instantiation process type of English morpheme differs according to text instance and text type, among which five major types are identified; besides, three key factors governing the instantiation process are: context type, semantic category and semantic orientation. In addition, the findings might offer a new perspective to view the agnate relations among different text types in the sense of stylistics.
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