四字词语是汉语特有的语言现象和语言艺术,翻译时既要准确传译语义,又要跟上下文自然融合,并尽可能传达包括文采在内的语用意义有一定的难度。鉴于此,本文主要结合日语翻译课翻译实践中出现的问题探讨汉译日时汉语“四字词语”的翻译方法,为翻译教学提供可供参考的解决途径。首先对学生习作进行了统计分析并指出存在的问题,接着论述了汉语中四字词语的语言功能和中日语言在词语使用方面的差异性,进一步从近义性、多义性等方面阐明了针对自由型四字词语的解决方法,最后提出了具体的处理步骤。

Four-letter-word is a unique phenomenon manifesting the art of Chinese language. Its translation requires the exact conveyance of meaning, the natural reconciliation to context, and the pragmatic consideration reflecting literary grace, all of which involve a lot of challenges. This article is to investigate the translation strategies of four-letter-words from Chinese to Japanese on the basis of the translation practice for the purpose of finding out the solution to possible problems. It starts from the statistical analysis of students' translation work and the problems involved. Then it discusses the functions of the four-letter-words in Chinese and the differences of lexical usage between Chinese and Japanese. Finally, it clarifies the strategies to translate free four-letter-words from the perspectives of synonyms and ambivalent words, with specific steps involved.