意大利后现代主义文学始于其新先锋派,算是“迟到”了。20世纪70年代末新先锋衰亡,“多元化”中通俗作品充斥市场,直至80年代才迎来“后现代主义年代”。90年代食人族文学出现,标志着意大利后现代主义文学在日益通俗化的过程中衰弱。意大利就“后现代”理论上的讨论虽然明显“不足”,但“理性危机”和“微弱思想”却能反映它的后现代主义思想意识,而21世纪初就回归现实主义的论战,则反映出意大利现实主义传统的顽强,即使在《夜》和《名》这样的后现代叙事典范中,依然可见通俗传统。
The Italian postmodernism in literature began with the new avant-garde and is thus regarded as “belated”. In the late 1970s the new avant-garde became obsolete and in its place came a literary diversity provoking the prevalence of popular fiction in the market until the 1980s—“the postmodernist years”. By the 1990s, the Giovani Cannibali emerged, marking the waning of the Italian postmodernism in the intensified process of popularism. Though theoretical discussion of postmodernism in Italy is “not enough”, the two concepts, i.e., “crisis of reason” and “weak thought”, along with the debate on a return to realism in the beginning of the 21st century, are, more or less, reflective of the Italian consciousness of postmodernism and of the vitality of Italian realism. Even from such typical examples of postmodern narrative as If on a Winter's Night a Traveler and The Name of the Rose, we can see the chanting of popularism that is inseparable from literary tradition.
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