本文以胡庚申关于"生态翻译学即‘三生相’关系学"的论断为思考的出发点,以生态翻译学的典型范例为分析对象,尝试探讨生态翻译学的范式要素。本文认为,生态翻译学应该坚持以下主张:翻译的本体性质是两种语言之间的互借、互明、互鉴、互惠和互生,翻译一种语言就是翻译该语言所对应的生活形式,即翻译就是在译出语生活形式(生活形式S)和译入语生活形式(生活形式T)之间建立平衡关系。生态翻译学应该秉持的理论原则是:译者在寻求平衡关系的过程中应该正确处理还原论和整体论之间的对立统一关系。在整体论视角下,系统内部的翻译选择是由两种语言相关的各种系统的整体性来决定;而在还原论视角下,系统内部的翻译选择却是以组成翻译内容的基本单位为基点。译者首先要在方法论上处理好整体论和还原论之间的平衡关系。其次,译者要解读生活形式S的系统平衡关系。译者还要构建生活形式T的系统平衡关系。另外,译者要发挥主观能动性,在作者和读者之间构建审美平衡关系。最后,译者要在生活形式S和生活形式T之间追求平衡关系。生态翻译学的价值标准是:翻译及其研究必定以上述五大关系是否达到平衡作为衡量标准,即这五大平衡关系就是检验某项翻译理论研究或翻译实践活动是否符合生态翻译学范式的价值标准。

The present paper attempts to provide a systematic reflection upon the holism and reductionism observed in translation practices, and based on Hu Gengshen’s idea about keeping textual life alive through “transplanting”, a supplementary remark is made in the present paper. It has been found that eco translation can be taken as a normal discipline, eco tranlatology, on the condition that the four essential paradigmatic elements are identified clearly and logically. As for the metaphysical part, it is generalized that translation is a bilingual practice of mutual borrowing, mutual understanding, mutual exemplifying, mutual gaining and mutual existing, in tune with which any inter translation between two languages must be regarded as interaction between two kinds of life form. That is, to translate a language is to translate a form of life. As for the symbolic generalization, translators are supposed to seek five kinds of balance in the process of translation practice in converting the source form of life into the target form of life. As for the value to be honored in eco translation, translators are supposed to seek a balance between holism and reductionism, and supposed to adapt translation to the five principles in tune with the five kinds of balance. As for the exemplar, a typical instance is any instance of translation capable of indicating the five kinds of balance and five principles. In a nutshell, eco translatology exists as a normal discipline on the condition that the five balances and five principles are observed in practice.