当代外语研究

当代外语研究 >

2025 , Vol. 25 >Issue 4: 40 - 53

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.004

语言学

时态呼应在英语内涵动词补语从句中的特殊现象

  • 赵鸿瑜 ,
  • 杨凯
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  • 河北大学,保定,071000
    河北工程大学,邯郸,056038
赵鸿瑜,河北大学教育学院博士、河北工程大学继续教育学院副教授。主要研究方向为外国教育史、语言学、英语教育等。电子邮箱:zhaohongyu@hebeu.edu.cn;
杨凯,博士,河北工程大学文法学院副教授。主要研究方向为句法学、语义学、英语教学等。电子邮箱:yangkai@hebeu.edu.cn。

网络出版日期: 2025-08-26

基金资助

* 河北省社会科学基金项目“英汉连动式时态分布的句法研究”(编号 HB19YY023);国家留学基金委地方合作项目(编号 202008130179)

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Sequence of Tense in Complement Clause in English

  • ZHAO Hongyu ,
  • YANG Kai
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Online published: 2025-08-26

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摘要

时态呼应研究(Sequence of Tense, 简称为SOT)是指主句和从句之间的时态一致性,本文以英语为研究对象,旨在关注时态呼应在内涵动词补语从句(complement clause)①中的特殊现象。当主从句在句法形态层面上都为过去时态(-ed),且补语从句的谓语动词为静态动词(stative verb)时,内涵动词补语从句的过去时态解释具有歧义性,即内涵动词补语从句的过去时态出现时间后移(past-shifted interpretation)及时间并列两种解释(simultaneous interpretation)。为了说明这两种解释是如何形成的,本文采用了时态谓词理论从句法学角度对这种歧义性给予更客观的解释。研究证明,在不考虑语义的前提下,时态的语义及句法层面都可以由句法理论单独归纳,从而探究出英语时态一致性的内在规律。

关键词： 英语时态呼应; 内涵动词补语从句; 时态谓词理论; 时间后移; 时间并列

本文引用格式

赵鸿瑜 , 杨凯 . 时态呼应在英语内涵动词补语从句中的特殊现象[J]. 当代外语研究, 2025 , 25(4) : 40 -53 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.004

Abstract

Sequence of tense (SOT) is the phenomenon whereby the tense of the embedded clause is made to match that of its main clause. The paper deals with SOT in the complement clause in English from the perspective of syntax. An ambiguity arises when both the main clause and the complement clause are in the past, in which the past-shifted interpretation and the simultaneous interpretation are yielded. The predicative theory of tense has been employed to give a principled account of how the ambiguity is derived in the complement clause. The research shows that the central aspects of the syntax and semantics of tense can be seized by independently motivated general principles of syntactic theory so as to dig out the inner laws of tense agreement in English.

Key words： Sequence of Tense; Complement Clause; The Predicative Theory of Tense; Past-shifted Interpretation; Simultaneous Interpretation

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