旅行贯穿金斯伯格的生活与创作,既有研究虽已注意到旅行对其创作与思想的影响,但尚未充分揭示旅行作为社会批判方法的诗学意义。本文以“旅行诗学”为分析视角,将旅行视为金斯伯格观察、书写与介入社会的独特方式。研究发现,旅行不仅构成其诗歌创作的经验来源,也形成其社会批判生成与展开的重要机制:地理距离为其打开了反观美国的批判空间,异域文化则构成反思美国的比较参照与诗学资源。旅行既使诗人得以揭示美国社会压抑、异化、反思战争及美国霸权,也使其与边缘群体、反文化运动及反战浪潮相连接,推动诗歌由文本表达走向社会现场。由此,旅行成为贯通金斯伯格个人经验、诗歌创作、社会批判与政治实践的关键纽带。本文为理解金斯伯格及垮掉派文学与美国社会的互动关系提供了新的视角,也为“文学如何介入社会”这一命题提供了具有代表性的案例。

Travel runs through Ginsberg’s life and literary career, yet existing scholarship, while acknowledging its influence on his writing and thought, has not fully explored its poetic significance as a method of social critique. This article proposes the concept of a “poetics of travel,” regarding travel as a distinctive mode through which Ginsberg observed, represented, and intervened in society. It argues that travel not only provided experiential material for his poetry, but also formed a crucial mechanism through which his social critique took shape and unfolded: geographical distance afforded him the critical space from which to reassess America, while cross-cultural encounters offered comparative perspectives and new poetic resources for reflecting on American society. Travel became a crucial means by which the poet exposed repression, alienation, war, and the operations of American hegemony, while also connecting him with marginalized communities, the counterculture, and antiwar movements, thereby moving poetry beyond text and into the public sphere. Travel thus became a vital thread linking his personal experience, writing, social critique, and political practice. This article offers a new perspective on the relationship between Ginsberg, Beat literature, and postwar American society, while also providing a representative case for addressing the broader question of how literature intervenes in social reality.