目的：调查新型冠状病毒（新冠）感染疫情期间,抗疫医护及工勤人员在医院感染防控（感控）实践（感控意识、措施执行）中的差异,分析并提出相应对策。方法：自主设计感控实践调查问卷,通过互联网问卷调查形式,对2022年3月至4月期间我院参加抗疫工作的医护及工勤人员250人开展实践及培训效果调查。结果：共回收问卷208份,有效问卷192份,其中医护人员158人（82.3%）,保洁、保安等工勤人员34人（17.7%）。工勤人员与医护人员进入隔离点前对新冠肺炎相关知识知晓比例（58.8% 比 89.2%）、医院感控制度流程知晓比例（67.6%比91.1%）、口罩的规范使用比例（82.4%比98.7%）、职业暴露后处置流程的知晓比例（58.8%比98.7%）、感控意识程度（47.1%比98.7%）、生活区感控执行情况（47.1%比94.3%）间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。工勤人员在污染区工作期间出现多汗、呼吸不畅、头晕乏力等身体不适者所占的比例显著低于医护人员（2.9%比11.5%,P<0.001）。通过开展情景模拟化培训考核及实时全程“一对一”现场监督等针对性的措施后,这两类群体的感控实践规范均得到显著改善,医护人员对新冠肺炎相关知识的知晓程度由89.2%上升到99.4%,（P<0.001）,工勤人员由58.8%上升到85.3%（P=0.015）;医护人员对医院感控制度流程的知晓程度由91.1%上升到98.7%（P=0.002）,工勤人员从67.6%上升到100%（P<0.001）。工勤人员中医院感控考核成绩为90~95分的比例从29.4%上升到38.2%,95分以上的比例从32.4%上升到58.8%（P<0.001）。结论：工勤人员的感控实践规范执行及感控意识低于医护人员,是引发医院感染的高风险人群。采用情景模拟化培训考核方式、实时全程进行“一对一”现场监督等措施,能有效提高医护尤其是工勤人员的感控意识和实践能力。

Objective: To investigate differences in infection control awareness, and related implementation of measures between anti-epidemic medical staff and workers during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, and to propose corresponding countermeasures. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire on the practice of infection control and implement were conducted, and 250 medical staff and workers participating in the anti-epidemic work in our hospital from March to April 2022 were investigated online. Results: A total of 208 valid questionnaires were recovered, of which 192 were valid questionnaires, including 158 medical staff (82.3%) and 34 (17.7%) workers. Before entering the isolation point, the proportion of workers vs medical staff who knew the knowledge about COVID-19, hospital infection control procedures, standardized use of masks, awareness of occupational post-exposure disposal procedures, awareness of sensory control and implementation of sensory control in living areas were 58.8% vs 89.2%, 67.6% vs 91.1%, 82.4% vs 98.7%, (58.8% vs 98.7%), (47.1% vs 98.7%), (47.1% vs 94.3%) (P<0.05). However, the proportion of discomfort such as sweating, poor breathing, dizziness and fatigue during work in the polluted area was significantly lower than those of medical staff（2.9% vs 11.5%, P<0.001）. Then targeted measures such as scenario simulation training assessment and real-time "one-to-one" on-site supervision were performed,and the infection control practice norms of these two groups have been significantly improved. The proportion of medical staff with knowledge about new coronary pneumonia and aware of the hospital infection system process increased to 99.4% (P<0.001) and to 98.7% (P=0.002), respectively, while of workers increased to 85.3% (P=0.015) and to 100% (P<0.001). The proportion of workers got a score of 90-95 on hospital infection theory and operation increased from 29.4% to 38.2%, and the proportion with a score of 95 or above increased from 32.4% to 58.8% (P<0.001). Conclusions: The implement and and awareness of infection control practice in workers is worse than those of medical staff, and workers are a high-risk group for hospital infection. The scenario simulation training and real-time assessment methods, whole process "one-to-one" on-site supervision can effectively improve the awareness and practical ability of medical staff, especially workers.