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| Air Combat Target Threat Assessment Method Based on Combined Weighting-ITOPSIS-GRA |
| XU Han1， ZHAO Jiahuan1， MA Shanbin2， OUYANG Yi1，3，
WANG Zhuang4， JIANG Hongru1 |
| 1. Shanghai Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute， Shanghai 201109， China；
2. Third Military Representative Office of Army Equipment Department in Shanghai，Shanghai 200031，China；
3. National Key Laboratory of Automatic Target Recognition （Shanghai）， Shanghai 201109， China；
4. National Key Laboratory of Automatic Target Recognition （Changsha）， Changsha 410073， Hunan， China |
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Abstract In the issue of evaluating threats in air combat scenarios, current assessment techniques frequently encounter difficulties in delivering precise results. To mitigate these limitations, this paper concentrates on multi-aircraft group confrontation combat scenarios. It proposed a novel air combat target threat assessment method based on combined weighting, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to calculate the threat level of the target group. Firstly, an improved objective weighting method based on Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and the order relation analysis method (G1) was employed to determine the objective and subjective weights of threat assessment indicators, respectively. Based on the principle of minimum discriminative information, a combined weighting scheme was used to calculate the comprehensive indicator weights. Secondly, the Improved TOPSIS (ITOPSIS) and GRA were integrated to comprehensively utilise the distance metric and grey relational degree between threat indicators and the positive/negative ideal solutions. Then, the relative closeness of target groups was calculated as the threat assessment result. Finally, a typical simulation case study was designed to validate the effectiveness of the assessment method. Simulation results show that the proposed threat assessment method, based on combined weighting-ITOPSIS-GRA, considers a broader set of factors and yields more reasonable and accurate assessment outcomes.
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Received: 05 December 2025
Published: 11 March 2026
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2026, Vol. 9 
