组织工程与重建外科杂志

组织工程与重建外科杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 166-.

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颌面部骨折患者术前营养风险发生率调查及口腔健康相关生活质量研究

  

  • 出版日期:2023-04-01 发布日期:2023-05-09

Preoperative nutritional risk prevalence survey and oral health-related quality of life in patients with maxillofacial fractures

  • Online:2023-04-01 Published:2023-05-09

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摘要：

　目的　调查颌面部骨折患者术前营养风险发生率，比较有、无营养风险患者间一般资料及口腔健康相关
生活质量的差异。方法 釆用方便抽样法，对符合纳入和排除标准的口腔颅颌面科住院患者于入院 24 h 内进行问
卷调查，包括一般情况调查表、口腔健康相关生活质量调查表（OHIP-14)、营养风险筛查表（NRS-2002）。使用
SPSS26.0 软件统计分析颌面部骨折患者营养风险的发生率，有、无营养风险患者间一般资料及口腔健康相关生活质
量的差异。结果　本研究共发放调查问卷 201 份，回收有效问卷 195 份，有效问卷回收率为 97.01%。颌面部骨折患
者主要为男性（68.7%），已婚占 69.7%，年龄集中在 18~40 岁（54.4%），文化程度高中及以下所占比例最高（74.9%），
大多数患者无宗教信仰（94.4%），医疗费来源以自费为主（65.6%），家庭月收入中 10 000 元以下的比例最高（56.4%）。
入院诊断以颧骨颧弓骨折（45.1%）最高，其次是下颌骨骨折（32.8%）。颌面部骨折患者术前营养风险的发生率为
32.8%（NRS-2002 ≥ 3 分），体质量下降（1.86±2.62）
kg，OHIP-14 总分为（39.02±11.81）分。OHIP-14 总分、功
能限制纬度、生理性疼痛纬度、社交障碍纬度、残疾障碍纬度在两组间均具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论　颌面部
骨折患者术前营养风险的发生率较高，术前总体口腔健康相关生活质量较差。存在营养风险的患者口腔健康相关生
活质量较无营养风险组的患者差。

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Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the incidence of preoperative nutritional risk in patients with maxillofacial fractures,
and to compare the differences in general information and oral health-related quality of life between the patients with and with
out nutritional risk. Methods　Convenience sampling method was used to administer questionnaires to oral craniomaxillofa
cial inpatients who met the nadir criteria within 24 hours of admission. The questionnaires included general information, oral
health-related quality of life questionnaire (OHIP-14), and nutritional risk screening score short form (NRS-2002). SPSS26.0
software was used to analyze the incidence of nutritional risk in patients with maxillofacial fractures and the differences in gener
al information and oral health-related quality of life between the patients with or without nutritional risk. Results　A total of 201
questionnaires were distributed at this stage, and 195 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid recovery 
Data analysis indicated that patients with maxillofacial fractures were mainly male (68.7%), married (69.7%), and aged between
18 and 40 years old (54.4%). The highest percentage of education level was 74.9% in high school and below. Most patients had
no religious beliefs (94.4%). The source of medical expenses was mainly self-pay (65.6%). The highest percentage of monthly
family income was below 10,000 yuan (56.4%). The most common admission diagnosis was zygomatic arch fracture (45.1%),
followed by mandibular fracture (32.8%). The incidence of nutritional risk of maxillofacial fracture was 32.8% (NRS-2002 ≥ 3
points). The overall weight loss was (1.86±2.62) kg. The total OHIP-14 score was 39.02±11.81. The differences in total OHIP-
14 score, functional limitation latitude, physiological pain latitude, social impairment latitude, and disability impairment latitude
between the patients with or without nutritional risk were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion　The prevalence of
preoperative nutritional risk is higher and the overall preoperative oral health-related quality of life is worse in patients with
maxillofacial fractures. Moreover, the oral health-related quality of life is worse in patients with nutritional risk compared with
those without nutritional risk.

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