BMP2/7 heterodimer, a bone structure formation protein, has stronger osteogenesis inductive potential than its homodimer. So the study of BMP2/7 heterodimer has been one of the most important research directions in tissue engineering osteogenesis now. In this article, the osteo-inductive related experiments of BMP2/7 heterodimer were described, the differences of biological activity between heterodimer and homodimer were compared, and the mechanisms were overviewed.