目的探讨同种异体脂肪干细胞修复管状骨缺损的可行性。方法获取SD大鼠的腹股沟处脂肪,分离培养脂肪干细胞(Adipose-Derived Stem Cells,ADSCs);鼠第3代ADSCs与脱钙骨复合,24 h后进行成骨诱导培养。检测细胞在材料表面的生长及成骨分化能力。建立鼠两侧尺骨缺损模型,分别植入鼠ADSCs-脱钙骨复合物(实验侧)和单纯脱钙骨材料(对照侧);8周、24周后取样,行DR和组织学检测,观察成骨情况。结果 ADSCs能在脱钙骨上很好地黏附和生长,并维持成骨分化能力。细胞-材料复合物植入24周后,DR显示实验侧有新生骨基质长成,对照侧未见骨组织生成。组织学检测显示,实验侧缺损区被典型的骨组织取代,可见新生骨小梁附着于脱钙骨表面;对照侧只有少量的骨组织和纤维组织充填。结论ADSCs-脱钙骨材料复合物植入,能成功修复临界大小的管状骨缺损。

Objective To investigate the feasibility of allogeneic ADSCs to repair the tubular bone defects. Methods Scapular fat was isolated from SD Rats, and further cultured in vitro (rADSCs). rASCs of P3 were seeded onto demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and cultured in osteogenic medium after 24 hours. The adhesion and proliferation of rA DSCs after seeded onto DBM were observed and the osteogenic potential of rASCs was tested. Bilateral tubular bone defects of rats were created. The defects were repaired with rADSCs-DBM constructs (experimental group) or DBM alone (control group). After 8 and 24 weeks, DR testing and histological examination were performed to observe the bone regeneration. Results rADSCs adhere to the surface of DBM well and grow fine in vitro. The osteogenic potential of rASCs was maintained. 24 weeks after implantation, DR testing showed that new bones were formed in experimental group, while no bone tissue formation in control group. Histological examination revealed that the defect was repaired by typical bone tissue in experimental group, while only minimal bone formation with fibrous connection was observed in control group. Conclusion The allogeneic rADSCs with DBM scaffolds can repair critical-sized bone defects successfully.