目的探讨酶洗法制备兔气管支架的最适宜处理周期。方法健康新西兰兔24只,随机分为4组(n=6)。以新鲜未处理气管作为对照组(A组),按照酶洗法2、3、4个周期处理气管作为实验组(B组、C组、D组)。对照组和实验组标本处理后光镜组织学观察,电镜扫描观察超微结构,并测量气管最大拉伸力、破裂力、变异率等生物力学性能。结果B、C组气管支架的最大拉伸力、最大破裂力和变异率均显著大于A、D组;组织学观察显示A组有大量黏膜上皮细胞,B组见部分黏膜上皮细胞,C、D组未见黏膜上皮细胞;电镜扫描显示实验A、B、C组气管支架的细胞基质和胶原纤维明显多于D组。结论经酶洗法处理3个周期的兔气管支架具有理想的去抗原效果和生物力学性能,并具有较完整的细胞外基质,适合用于构建组织工程同种异体气管。

Objective To explore the optimal cycle of detergent-enzymatic method for rabbit tissue engineering tracheal matrix.Methods Twenty-four healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6),the tracheas of group A was treated with nothing as control group,the tracheas of group B,C and D were treated with two,three and four cycles of the detergent-enzymatic method separately.The histologic appearance,ultrastructure,maximum drawing force,rupture force and mutation rate were observed.Results The maximum drawing force,rupture force and mutation rate on group B and group C were bigger than group A and group D.There were many epithelial cells in the tracheas of group A,some epithelial cells in the tracheas of group B,but none epithelial cells in the tracheas of group C and group D by histological observation.The extracellular matrix and collagen fiber in group A,B,C were significantly more than in group D by SEM.Conclusion The tracheals treated with three cycles are more nonimmunogenic,have better biomechanical performance and more ECM.It is suitable for reconstruction of allograft engineering tracheal.