Objective To explore the feasibility of robot surgery planning and simulation based on MATLAB software.Methods Eleven mandible models of patients were employed.Surgical planning was carried out in mimics software and multiple drilling paths were designed along the osteotomy plane.In the MATLAB software environment,the preoperative path planning was completed by using the straightline planning and interpolation at the middle point of the two endpoint line segments,and the trajectory of the automatic positioning and drilling of the osteotomy plane was simulated.The feasibility of the scheme was checked in the operation simulation.Results In the MATLAB software environment,the whole operation process was consistent,and the end of the hand of the UR5 robot arm completed the movement track according to the preset path,during which the movement was smooth and there was no jumping point.Conclusion The feasibility of automatic drilling of robots and operation simulation in MATLAB software is preliminarily verified.