Since the use of liposuction in 1980s, adipose tissue has become a common material on soft tissue repair. However, multiple fat transplantations are still necessary for clinical use. Hence the proper methods of the adipose tissue preservation after a single liposuction enable the reinjections on proper time, which can eliminate the repeated liposuction and reduce the pain of patients. Thus it is critical to preserve the adipose tissue and improve the retention after fat transplantation. In this paper, the advances of the long-term preservation of adipose tissue were reviewed.