Objective To investigate the effect and targeting of iRGD-exosomes-doxorubicin (iRGD-exo-dox) on the inhibition of the proliferation of fibroblasts. Methods The exosomes were extracted from the iRGD-transfected fibroblasts. The doxorubicin was wrapped by electroporation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the affinity of iRGD-exo-dox to fibroblasts. The ability of iRGD-exo-dox on inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts was analyzed. Results The affinity of iRGD-exo-dox to fibroblasts was higher than the blank-exo-dox. The proliferation of fibroblasts was obviously inhibited by iRGD-exo-dox. The inhibition effect was not observed in blank-exo-dox group. Conclusion iRGD-exo-dox can inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts by targeting function, which can be used in the treatment of keloid.