The graft for repairing bone grafts can be categorized as autografts, allografts, and xenografts. However, each type of donor tissue comes with its own set of limitations. Tissue engineering strategies have been applied as promising alternatives to produce bone constructs that mimic the structure of natural bone and solve the limitations of bone defect treatment. In this paper, the research progress of bone tissue engineering was reviewed, and the limitations of current bone tissue approaches were discussed.