Objective To observe the growth of human adipose-derived stem cells （hADSCs） on Poly-L-lactide/ Polycaprolactone composite scaffold materials and the biological compatibility. Methods hASCs were isolated from human subcutaneous adipose tissue and PLLA/PCL scaffold was prepared. The cytotoxicity of scaffold was evaluated by CCK-8 cell viability assay. The P3 hASCs were seeded onto the PLLMPCL scaffolds. The growth of cell in PLLA/PCL biomaterials in vivo （1 w and 2 w） and in vitro （1 w） was observed by HE staining. The expression of SMA of the seeding cells in vivo was detected by immunofluorescence. Results hADSCs maintained high proliferation rate in the leaching solution of the PLLA/ PCL and the PLLA/PCL scaffolds were nontoxic absolutely. The histological study found that hADSCs could grow into the space of the PLLA/PCL scaffolds after cultured in vitro and in vivo. There were more cells in the scaffolds cuhured in vivo than in vitro, also more cells in the cell-seeded scaffold than simple scaffold. Some of the seeding cells were positive for SMA after 2 weeks implanted in the scaffold in vivo. Conclusion PLLA-PCL composite scaffolds are nontoxic and have a good biocompatibility with hADSCs, which can be used as a vehicle for hADSCs in the repair of bladder defect.