Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of posterolateral lumbar fusion(PLF),posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) and trans-foraminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF) for lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods According to three different fusion methods,120 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis were divided into 3 groups: group A(PLF,n=36);group B(PLIF,n=42) and group C(TLIF,n=40).After the pedicle screws-rod internal fixation,all the patients were operated by different fusion methods.Clinical outcome and fusion rates of the three groups were reviewed and compared.Results Operation time and blood loss in group C were much lower than group A and B(P<0.05),but bone fusion rate in C group was much higher than group A and B(P<0.05).The good rate of group A,B and C were 77.8%,83.3% and 95.0% respectivly,but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Pedicle screws-rod internal fixation is a better way to raise bone fusion rate and reduce complications.TLIF with shorter operation time,lower blood loss,larger fusion area and higher bone fusion rate,is a good method for the treatment of spondylolisthesis.