Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of timolol maleate eye drops with different concentrations for the treatment of superficial infantile hemangiomas.

Methods From January 2018 to January 2019, patients aged within 6 months with superficial infantile hemangiomas were enrolled, and were randomly divided into 2 groups according to different concentration of timolol maleate eye drops: 0.25% timolol group and 0.5% timolol group. Tiamolol maleate eye drops were applied externally by wet compressing for 20 minutes, three times a day for 6 months. The therapeutic effect was categorized into four grades, the therapeutic effect and safety of the two groups were compared.

Results A total of 87 patients with superficial infantile hemangiomas were included in the study and were divided into 0.25% timolol group (n=41) and 0.5% timolol group (n=46). Six months after treatment, the effective rate and cure rate of 0.25% timolol group were 63.4% and 14.6%, the effective rate and cure rate of 0.5% timolol group were 82.6% and 19.6%. The effective rate of 0.5% timolol group was significantly higher than that of 0.25% timolol group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of cure rate between the two groups (P>0.05). No severe systemic or local adverse reactions were observed during treatment.

Conclusion Topical application of timolol maleate eye drops in the treatment of superficial infantile hemangiomas during proliferative phase is simple, effective and safe. Drug concentration may be one of the factors influencing clinical efficacy.