耐高温透波氮化硅基陶瓷材料研究进展

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摘要氮化硅基陶瓷材料具有高强度、高模量、耐高温、抗热震和低介电等优异的综合性能，是高温透波天线罩的主要候选材料，目前氮化硅基陶瓷及其复合材料是高温透波领域研究的热点。本文综述近5年来氮化硅陶瓷、塞隆陶瓷、氮氧化硅陶瓷、氮氧化物陶瓷及其复合材料方面的研究现状；通过材料设计与不同成型工艺的结合，包括3D打印、化学气相渗透（CVI）、先驱体浸渍裂解（PIP）等，实现高强度-低介电氮化硅基陶瓷材料的制备，可为高马赫数飞行器透波部件提供选材及设计支撑。

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关键词 ：氮化硅陶瓷, 氮化物复相陶瓷, 高温透波材料

Abstract：Silicon nitride ceramics comprehensively have excellent properties such as high strength, high elastic modulus, high-temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, and low dielectric constant. They are the major candidate materials for high-temperature wave transmitting radome. Currently, research in silicon nitride-based ceramics and composites is popular. This paper has reviewed the research status of silicon nitride ceramics, SiALON ceramics, silicon oxynitride ceramics, nitrogen oxide ceramics, and their composite materials in the past five years. Through the combination of material design and different molding processes, including 3D printing, chemical vapor infiltration (CVI), and precursor impregnation cracking (PIP), the preparation of high-strength-low dielectric silicon nitride-based ceramic materials was acquired, which enables the selection of materials and design support for wavetransparent components of high-Mach vehicles.

Key words： silicon nitride ceramics nitride-based composites ceramics high-temperature resistant wave-transparent materials

收稿日期: 2024-07-26 出版日期: 2025-01-16

ZTFLH:	TQ 174. 1
	V 45

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3706302)

作者简介: 姚冬旭(1983—)，男，博士，研究员。

引用本文:

姚冬旭, 余兴, 顾昊, 李嘉豪, 刘雯, 李睿. 耐高温透波氮化硅基陶瓷材料研究进展[J]. 空天防御, 2024, 7(6): 46-57.
YAO Dongxu, YU Xing, GU Hao, LI Jiahao, LIU Wen, LI Rui. Research Progress on High-Temperature Resistant Wave Transparent Silicon Nitride Based Ceramics. Air & Space Defense, 2024, 7(6): 46-57.

链接本文:

https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/ktfy/CN/ 或 https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/ktfy/CN/Y2024/V7/I6/46