Transparent conductive films (TCFs) play a crucial role in electronic conductive layers and windows in touch-screens display [
1,
2,
3,
4], solar cell [
5,
6], wearable electronic and communication devices [
7,
8,
9]. Notably, indium tin oxide (ITO) has emerged as a successful material for display touch screens, owing to its excellent figure of merit (FoM), which is a crucial metric to evaluate the comprehensive optoelectronic property of TCFs [
10]. However, the traditional ITO-based TCFs suffer from the inherent fragility, which hinders their application in flexible and transparent devices [
11,
12]. Consequently, extensive research endeavors have been dedicated to exploring alternative materials and structures to fabricate flexible TCFs, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [
13,
14], graphene [
15,
16], metal nanowires [
17,
18,
19], transition metal carbide/carbonitride (MXene) [
20,
21,
22], and metal mesh [
2,
23,
24,
25,
26]. Despite the satisfactory advances, some inevitable issues remain for these materials. For example, it is difficult for TCFs based on CNTs or silver nanowires to achieve high FoM and flexibility simultaneously, due to junction resistance and bundling characteristics [
13,
17]. Compared to other TCFs materials, the metal mesh can achieve the highest FoM and mechanical stability because of the continuous and junction-free metallic network. Therefore, metal mesh is considered as one of the best candidates for flexible TCFs materials. So far, metal mesh films have primarily been prepared by micro-nanofabrication technique with high-cost and complexity fabrication process, including roll to roll imprinting [
23,
24], inkjet printing [
27] and ultraviolet (UV) lithography [
28,
29]. For instance, the Cu mesh fabricated by roll-to-roll imprinting and electroplating has achieved a FoM of over 10,000, and maintained stable resistance under 50% tensile strain [
24]. In addition, the crackle template method can also fabricate flexible metal mesh. Compared to previous methods, crackle template method has lower process and equipment requirements. In addition, it enables the fabrication of metal mesh films on substrates with various shapes [
30]. However, compared to the metal mesh prepared by micro-nanofabrication technique, the FoM of the metal mesh prepared by the crack template method is usually lower [
2,
30,
31]. For example, the silver mesh film fabricated by crackle template method has a FoM of only 360, which is significantly less than the preceding techniques [
2]. Therefore, there is still a challenge to explore low-cost and scalable approaches for achieving flexible, high-performance metal mesh films.