Abstract： Based on the analysis and research of the structure and defects, the high-speed railway underline structure was simplified into a two-dimensional multi-medium structure, and a two-dimensional defect model of the underline structure was established. By using the dynamic finite element method, the elastic wave propagation characteristics, especially waveform and predominant spectrum were deduced. The qualitative relationship between the variation of elastic wave propagation characteristics and different defects was established. Aimed at the two common types of defects, a 1∶1 full scale model of highspeed railway with defects was established. The data collection method, analysis method, and result visualization method were proposed to evaluate the space distribution of preinstall defect.
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