当代外语研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 84-95.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2021.02.008
出版日期:
2021-04-28
发布日期:
2021-10-08
作者简介:
赵永峰,四川外国语大学研究生院教授。主要研究方向为认知语言学、话语分析、语用学、语言哲学。电子邮箱:基金资助:
Online:
2021-04-28
Published:
2021-10-08
摘要:
委婉语是人与社会互动的产物,它的产生和使用受制于说话者的社会认知和价值观念。本文在批评认知语言学视域下,以“美国当代英语语料库”中66条“the *ly challenged”委婉构式为语料,系统阐述基于社会价值观的概念整合分析框架。研究发现,该委婉语构式的“社会心理”概念源自新创概念,该概念是在政治正确的社会价值观作用下由相关心理空间选择性投射而形成的,具体分布于身体、教育文化、能力、精神和生活五大语域。本文提出新的理论框架,用以阐释委婉语意义建构的社会认知机制,可以为话语分析提供新的路径和方法,推动批评认知语言学的相关发展。
中图分类号:
田秘, 赵永峰. 概念整合理论的批评认知语言学阐释——以“the *ly challenged”委婉构式为例[J]. 当代外语研究, 2021, 21(2): 84-95.
表1
“the *ly challenged”委婉语分布一览表
类别 | 语例(表中只列出“*ly”变量) | 数量 | 占比 (%) |
---|---|---|---|
身体 | physically;intellectually;vertically;developmentally;hormonally;cognitively;calorically;vocally;verbally;thinly;pigmentally;nutritionally;non-pigmentally;follicly;energetically;behaviorally;colickly;cerebrallly;cardiovascularly;aesthetically | 20 | 30.3 |
生活 | technologically;technically;navigationally;telescopically;electronically;financially;economically;fiscally;legally;electorally;domestically;gastronomically;genealogically;hygienically;conventionally;sartorially | 16 | 24.2 |
能力 | socially;historically;defensively;offensively;temporally;stylistically;punctually;directionally;dexterously;aeronautically;argumentively | 11 | 16.7 |
教育文化 | mathematically;musically;artistically;grammatically;semantically;scientifically;racially;botanically;educationally;culturally | 10 | 15.2 |
精神 | mentally; ethically;charismatically;emotionally;morally;romantically;spiritually;relationally;diabolically | 9 | 13.6 |
总计 | 66 | 100 |
[1] | Cap P. 2013. Proximization: The Pragmatics of Symbolic Distance Crossing[M]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. |
[2] | Cap P. 2017. The Language of Fear: Communicating Threat in Public Discourse[M]. London: Springer. |
[3] | Chilton P. 2004. Analysing Political Discourse: Theory and Practice[M]. London: Routledge. |
[4] | Davies M. 2019. The Corpus of Contemporary American English: 1990-2019 [DB/OL]. [2020-06-20]. https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/. |
[5] | Fairclough N. 1995. Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language[M]. London: Longman. |
[6] | Fauconnier G. & M. Turner. 2002. The Way We Think[M]. New York: Basic Books. |
[7] | Fauconnier G. 1985. Mental Spaces [M]. Cambridge: MIT Press. |
[8] | Foucault M. 1980. The History of Sexuality: Volume I: An Introduction[M]. New York: Vintage. |
[9] | Gomez M. C. 2009. Towards a new approach to the linguistic definition of euphemism[J]. Language Sciences 31(6):725-739. |
[10] | Hart C. 2014. Construal operations in online press reports of political protests [A]. In C. Hart & P. Cap (eds.). Contemporary Critical Discourse Studies [C]. London: Bloomsbury. 167-188. |
[11] | Hart C. 2018. Riots engulfed the city: An experimental study investigating the legitimating effects of fire metaphors in discourse of disorder[J]. Discourse and Society (3):279-298. |
[12] | Kress G. 1985. Linguistic Processes in Sociocultural Practice [M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press. |
[13] | Lakoff G. & M. Johnson. 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought[M]. New York: Basic Books. |
[14] | Lakoff G. 1996. The metaphor system for morality [A]. In A. E. Goldberg (ed.). Conceptual Structure, Discourse and Language[C]. Stanford: CSLI Publications. 249-266. |
[15] | Langacker R. 2008. Cognitive Grammar: A Basic Introduction [M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press. |
[16] | Simpson J. A & E. S. C. Weiner. 1989. The Oxford English Dictionary (2nd edition) [Z]. Oxford: Clarendon Press. |
[17] | Thompson J. B. 1990. Ideology and Modern Culture [M]. Cambridge: Polity Press. |
[18] | Urbandictionary. 2008. Socially challenged [Z/OL]. [2020-08-20]. https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=socially%20challenged. |
[19] | van Dijk, T. A. 1995. Discourse semantics and ideology[J]. Discourse and Society (2):243-289. |
[20] | van Dijk, T. A. 2006. Ideology and discourse analysis[J]. Journal of Political Ideologies 11(2):115-140. |
[21] | Wiktionary. 2005. Mentally challenged [Z/OL]. [2020-08-20]. https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/mentally_challenged. |
[22] | 陈望道. 2008. 修辞学发凡[M]. 上海: 复旦大学出版社. |
[23] | 邓兆红、 陈新仁. 2016. 委婉语修辞效果的关联论阐释——兼论心理距离说[J]. 外语学刊 (6):26-30. |
[24] | 丁建新、 廖益清. 2001. 批评话语分析述评[J]. 当代语言学 (4):305-310. |
[25] | 孔庆成. 1993. 委婉语言现象的立体透视[J]. 外国语(上海外国语学院学报) (2):28-32. |
[26] | 李军华. 2004. 关于委婉语的定义[J]. 湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版) (4):162-165. |
[27] | 束定芳. 1989. 委婉语新探[J]. 外国语(上海外国语学院学报) (3):30-36. |
[28] | 田海龙、 赵芃. 2017. 批评话语分析再思考——基于辩证唯物主义的语言与社会关系研究[J]. 当代语言学 19(4):494-506. |
[29] | 王寅. 2006. 解读语言形成的认知过程——七论语言的体验性:详解基于体验的认知过程[J]. 四川外语学院学报 (6):53-59. |
[30] | 王寅. 2014. 语言哲学研究——21世纪中国后语言哲学沉思录[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社. |
[31] | 辛斌. 2006. 福柯的权力论与批评性语篇分析[J]. 外语学刊 (2):1-6. |
[32] | 张辉、 杨艳琴. 2019. 批评认知语言学:理论基础与研究现状[J]. 外语教学 40(3):1-11. |
[33] | 张汝伦. 2003. 马克思的哲学观和“哲学的终结”[J]. 中国社会科学 (4):44-54. |
[34] | 张天伟、 郭彬彬. 2016. 批评话语分析中的话语策略和识解操作研究[J]. 外语教学 37(6):17-22. |
[35] | 赵永峰. 2020. 福柯话语权力视域下社会隐转喻研究——以美国政治正确类表达为例[J]. 天津外国语大学学报 27(1):35-46. |
[1] | 李响. 基于语料库的英语报刊社论态度研究[J]. 当代外语研究, 2016, 16(06): 47-53. |
[2] | 田贵森;袁文;. 《禁忌词语:塔布与语言监控》评介[J]. 当代外语研究, 2011, 11(08): 56-59. |
[3] | 张辉;. 主持人话语[J]. 当代外语研究, 2010, 10(11): 22-. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||