传统空间概念是一个同构型、总体化的概念,像纹路一般分明、辖域明确,以等级制、科层化、既定的封闭结构与静态系统为特征;这种“纹路空间”(striated space)路线固定、依循轨迹、有边界、有分界点。“光滑空间”(smooth space)是一个相对于“纹路空间”的概念。“光滑空间”指涉的是一种“无中心”、“无终点”式的组织结构,是一种经常处于变化与不断生成的状态;其特征是开放、辖域不明、没有等级限制、没有边界、没有分界点、也没有上下阶层和特权区块、是无意识形态、如游牧般的存有状态:它主要由欲望机器和意识流窜所掌控,为事件(并非事物)所占有,是个动态系统的开放结构。在美国社会空间中一向存在着类似“纹路空间”般的静态封闭结构,族裔的身份属性常常囿限于一个似纹路般带有等级科层的既定框架。各类文学作品尝试突破这样一个组织结构。而身份认同一直是华裔美国文学的主题之一,本研究以谭恩美的《接骨师女儿》中三代母女的生命经验在空间移动的转换为焦点,析论在美华裔突破“纹路空间”限定,以“光滑空间”概念下的开放转化身份认同的过程。
Traditionally, space is conceptualized as partitioned field of homogeneity. According to Deleuze and Guattari, such space is striated. Static, hierarchical, bounded, and territorialized, striated space follows a starkly rational method of operation, a planned trajectory. With striated space, a society creates structures through which lines of flight can be manipulated; consequently, it harnesses energy and creates inequalities. By operating through the capture of movement and the partition of space, society can control migrations and more generally, to establish a zone of rights over the exterior. A static and closed structure like striated space has prevailed over American society for decades. American society striates space to build a hierarchical system of relations which places the occupants of each stratum at odds with those of other strata. In American society, ethnic identities are mostly framed in such striated space of hierarchies. Ethnic writers strive against the restrains for a breakthrough in identity construction. Applying the ideas of striated space and smooth space, the researcher intends to probe into the female protagonists’ life experiences in terms of space and identity in Amy Tan’s The Bonesetter’s Daughter.
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