本文以英语中的一对近义词affect和influence为切入点,对比了它们在本族语语料库FROWN和学习者语料库CLEC中的语义韵异同。笔者从语义韵常模、语义韵极性和语义韵力度等三个参数入手,分析了两个词在两种语料库中所反映出的语用方面的态度意义。结果发现,affect 在两个语料库中的语义韵常模和语义韵极性相同,语义韵力度不同。influence在两个语料库中的语义韵常模和语义韵极性都不相同。目前,从语义韵的上述三个参数入手对中国英语学习者近义词的使用进行调查的研究为数很少,本文对此进行了尝试,为日后的语义韵研究拓宽了新的思路,为学习者近义词的学习提供了新的方法。
The present study aims to contrast through a new approach the semantic prosody of a pair of synonyms between the native speaker and the non-native speaker, taking “affect” and “influence as an example. We analyzed the differences of the semantic prosody of the two words in the native speaker corpus (FROWN), and the learner's corpus (CLEC), in terms of the prosodic form, prosodic polarity and prosodic strength, which are the three parameters of semantic prosody. The findings are as follows. The prosodic form and prosodic polarity of “affect” are the same in FROWN and CLEC, with the posture of [negative: be against]; but the prosodic strengths are different, it is a little stronger in CLEC than in FROWN. For the word “influence”, it is not the case. The prosodic form and prosodic polarity in the two corpora are in contrast. In FROWN, the native speakers usually indicate the posture of [positive: be for], while in CLEC, the learners tend to show the posture of [negative: be against]. Till now, investigations on semantic prosody of synonyms in terms of the above three parameters are rarely seen. The present study is an attempt which would shed light on a new approach of investigating semantic prosody and provide a new perspective of learning synonyms for Chinese learners of English.
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