英语和汉语的语言学学者对情态词在人们交流过程中所起的作用都有广泛而深入的研究。虽然其中也有不少涉及政治新闻语篇中的情态研究,但大都还是从单一的语言文本入手,英汉对比类的研究比较少。其次,以往的研究主要以单一的系统功能理论为支撑来分析语篇。本文从功能语言学的视角出发,并且结合汉语情态理论框架,较为全面地对比分析英汉两种语言的情态表达系统。在此基础上,本文采用语料库的研究方法,从情态取向、情态量值、情态类型三个角度分析了英汉政治新闻语篇各20篇。研究发现:(1)在情态取向方面,英汉政治新闻语篇均大量使用带有主观隐性和客观隐性取向的情态词,其中主观隐性情态词在汉语语篇中使用得更广泛。(2)在情态类型方面,英语语篇多用“概率”和“意愿”两类情态词,而汉语多用“义务”类和“意愿”类词。(3)在量值方面,英语语篇倾向于使用中低量值情态词,而汉语则多用高量值情态词。这些不同的情态选择,表达了不同的情态意义和写作目的。
Both English and Chinese linguists have conducted in-depth research on modal words considering the crucial role they play in interaction. Some of the research concerns modality in political news discourse, but the discourses this research focuses are in most cases merely in a single language. Comparative studies are rarely conducted. This paper, combining the systemic-functional linguistics and Chinese modality theory, modifies into a new theoretical framework and analyzes the Chinese and English modality system comparatively. A small corpus of twenty Chinese and twenty English political news texts from the perspective of modal orientation, modal values and modal types is built. The result of the research indicates: 1) In the aspect of modal orientation, modal words indicating subject implicitness and object implicitness are widely used in English and Chinese political news, and more modal words indicating subject implicitness can be found in Chinese political news. 2) In the aspect of modal types, modal words reflecting probability and inclination are widely used in English news while those indicating obligation and inclination are frequently used in Chinese news. 3) In the aspect of modal values, modal words with medium and low values are widely used in English news while those with high value are frequently used in Chinese news. These different choices of modal words conveyed various modal meanings.
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