预测加工是阅读理解的一个重要环节。本研究试图从中国学习者的角度,以英语句法中的动名词为切入点,探讨二语复杂句阅读中的预测加工。研究结果显示,二语复杂句中的预测加工是包含自上而下和自下而上的双行过程。句中的语义和句法存在着彼此交互作用,能够促进阅读理解,但复杂的句法结构会导致工作记忆的负荷增大和预测成本的增加,进而影响加工速度。另外,中国大学生的阅读预测加工具有独特性,与母语加工存在着神经机制上的差别:句法违例未能引发典型的左前负波,而复杂句型都引发了P2。
Carroll,S. E. 2017. Explaining bilingual learning outcomes in terms of exposure and input [J]. Bilingualism 20:37-41.
Chen, E., E. Gibson & F. Wolf. 2005. Online syntactic storage costs in sentence comprehension [J]. Journal of Memory of Language 52:144-169.
Clifton, C. Jr., F. Ferrieira, J.M. Henderson, A. W. Inhoff,S. P. Liversedge, E. D. Reichle & E. R. Schotter . 2016. Eye movements in reading and information processing: Keith Rayner’s 40 year legacy [J]. Journal of Memory and Language 86:1-19.
Fiebach, C. J., M. Schlesewsky & A. D. Friederici. 2002. Separating syntactic memory costs and syntactic integration costs during parsing: The processing of German WH-questions [J]. Journal of Memory & Language 47(2):250-282.
Frazier, L. & J. D. Fodor. 1978. The sausage machine: A new two-stage parsing model [J]. Cognition 6: 291-325.
Gibson, E. 1998. Linguistic complexity: Locality of syntactic dependencies [J] . Cognition 68(1):1-76
Guan, C. Q., F. F. Ye, R. K. Wagner, W. J. Meng & C. K. Leong. 2014. Text comprehension mediates morphological awareness, syntactic processing, and working memory in predicting Chinese written composition performance[J]. Journal of Educational Psychology 106: 779-798.
Lindsay, P. H. & D. A. Norman. 1977. Human Information Processing: An Introduction to Psychology [M]. New York: Academic Press.
Nobre, A. D. P & J. F. de Salle. 2016. Lexical-semantic processing and reading. Relations between semantic priming, visual word recognition and reading comprehension [J]. Educational Psychology 36: 753-770.
Taraban, R. & J. L. McClelland. 1988. Constituent attachment and thematic role assignment in sentence processing: Influences of content-based expectations [J]. Journal of Memory & Language 27(6) :597-632.
van Gompei,R. P. G., M. J. Peckering, J. Pearson & S. P. Liversedge. 2005. Evidence against competition during syntactic ambiguity resolution [J]. Journal of Memory and Language 52(2): 284-307.
常欣、王沛.2013.晚期汉英二语者英语被动句句法加工的ERP研究[J].心理学报(45):773-782.
耿立波、杨亦鸣.2014.基于ERP实验的二语句子阅读能力的心理现实性研究[J].外语教学理论与实践(3):23-29.
王甦、汪家圣.1992.认知心理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社.
魏景汉、罗跃嘉.2010.时间相关电位原理与技术[M].北京:北京科学出版社.
赵伦.2012.ERPs实验教程[M].江苏:东南大学出版社.
