我国古代科技水平烜赫于世,对世界历史发展进程有卓越贡献。在我国一千多年围绕科技维度开展的翻译活动中,以官方及代表官方的机构或个人形式开展的“国家翻译实践”叠见层出,在中国古代对外科技知识文化交流和对内科学技术发展过程中都起到了至关重要的作用。本研究以国家翻译实践为理路视域,我国古代科技翻译活动为稽考主线,官方翻译机构为描写对象,中外间知识互译互鉴为伏观脉络,来洞视和探源我国古代国家科技翻译实践的史实及影响,以期丰富中国科技翻译史、国家翻译实践史的书写体例及视角。同时,洞古鉴今,取法成事,为当下国家翻译能力及其细分领域中的国家科技翻译能力构建提供个案启示和历史经验参考。

The sci-tech achievements made by ancient China are preeminent in the world contributing significantly to the development process of world history. Among translation activities related to science and technology over one thousand years in the past, the translation practices conducted under “National translation programs”, a kind of translation practices that is in the form of officials as well as the agencies or persons on behalf of the officials, have provided a crucial contribution to the exchange of sci-tech knowledge between ancient China with foreign nations and to the domestic development of science and technology. This research takes state translation programs as the theoretical perspective, science and technology translation activities in ancient China as a main investigation clue, official translation agencies as the description object, and knowledge interaction between ancient China and the west as a sub-observation, to examine the causes, historical facts and influences of China’s ancient national sci-tech translation practice. In this way, this research hopes to enrich the writing style and perspective of Chinese scientific and technological translation history and national translation programs history. In addition, the way of “learning from the past and using the accumulated successful method to achieve current goal” can serve as a case enlightenment and historical experience reference for the construction of the current national translation capacity and its subdivisions-national sci-tech translation capacity.