Abstract: This article aims at exploring the relations of the literary criticism of the Middle Ages with the Christianity. It argues that the attitude of the Christianity towards the pagan culture determines that the criticism of this period is practical instead of aesthetic. Though it is not as glorious as the literary criticism of the Classical Age and unable to compete with that of the Renaissance Age, its powerful interpretation system, built up for revealing the allegorical meanings in the Bible, undoubtedly has great impact on the later literary criticism.