Abstract: Under the background of globalization and internationalization, the development of English postgraduates' academic competence has been increasingly important. Relevant literature review indicates that there are few researches concerned. By means of critical thinking, this study classifies academic competence into academic competence and meta-academic competence. The former can be further divided into language competence (foreign language competence and native language competence), knowledge competence (competence for knowledge construct and application) and research competence (general and creative research competence). The development of academic competence will lead to the cultivation of academic awareness. From the perspective of this connotation, it further points out that under the influence of both internal and external factors, individual English postgraduate will improve his academic competence via learning, practice and research. From the perspective of relevant factors concerning postgraduate education, it points out that based on the needs analysis and follow relevant programs, English postgraduates will improve their academic competence via developing cultivation goals, curricula design, teaching materials, supervision, evaluation, etc.