Educating is the ontological value of the curriculum and an inevitable choice for the high-quality development of the curriculum in the new era. Among many curricula, foreign language is the front-runner in curriculum education construction as it contains rich values. The study used CiteSpace to conduct a visual analysis and content analysis of the literature on foreign language teaching based on curriculum education in order to sort out the research hotspots, trends and prospects. The results revealed that the research hotspots focus on conceptual exploration, goal orientation, content development, curriculum implementation and teaching reform. The research of foreign language teaching mode based on curriculum education has gone from “permeation” to “fusion”, the curriculum implementation from macroscopic discussion to microscopic research, the classroom teaching from “traditional” form to “smart” one. In the future, the research of foreign language teaching based on curriculum education should be highlighted with the orientation of inter-disciplinary concepts and goals, the classroom teaching with “integration” carrying out empirical investigation, and expanding the content development, so as to contribute to the high-quality development of foreign language teaching in China.