目的：在中国人群中对自填型剑桥-霍普金斯不宁腿量表（Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire for restless legs syndrome, CH-RLSq）诊断不宁腿综合征（restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease, RLS/WED）的灵敏度和特异度进行验证。方法：共26例RLS/WED患者和21例对照（18例其他疾病患者和3名正常人）入组,其中其他疾病指类似RLS/WED表现的疾病（包括4例神经根病变,3例糖尿病周围神经病变,4例痛性痉挛,1例静脉曲张,另6例患者的诊断暂不确定）,所有对象均进行CH-RLSq量表检测,进行临床诊断与问卷诊断的一致性研究,并同时记录RLS/WED患者的临床资料。结果：RLS/WED的临床诊断和CH-RLSq量表的诊断具有较好的一致性（Kappa=0.745, McNemar test: P=0.216）。CH-RLSq量表诊断RLS/WED的灵敏度为80.8%,特异度为95.2%。RLS/WED患者中女性患者较多见,且患者的家族史阳性率较高、合并症较多。结论：CH-RLSq量表在我国人群的RLS/WED诊断中具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,可用来作为筛查RLS/WED的问卷。
Objectives: To validate the application of CH-RLSq (Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire for restless legs syndrome) in the diagnosis of Chinese RLS (restless legs syndrome) patients. Methods: Twenty-six RLS and 21 controls were enrolled in this study. RLS patients, "mimics" and healthy people were recruited from Out-patient Clinics of Department of Neurology and completed the CH-RLSq. Clinical data of RLS were also collected. The agreement of clinical RLS diagnosis with CH-RLSq diagnosis was assessed by kappa and Mcnemar tests. Results: CH-RLSq-based diagnosis was consistent with clinical diagnosis (kappa=0.745, McNemar test: P=0.216). The clinical characteristics of these RLS patients included female preference, high family history, and various concomitant diseases. Conclusion:CH-RLSq is a good screening questionnaire for diagnosing RLS in Chinese patients.
[1] Ma JF, Xin XY, Liang L, et al.Restless legs syndrome in Chinese elderly people of an urban suburb in Shanghai: a community-based survey[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord,2012,18(3):294-298.
[2] Allen RP, Picchietti DL, Garcia-Borreguero D, et al.Restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria--history, rationale, description, and significance[J]. Sleep Med, 2014, 15(8):860-873.
[3] Allen RP, Burchell BJ, MacDonald B, et al. Validation of the self-completed Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire (CH-RLSq) for ascertainment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in a population survey[J]. Sleep Med,2009,10(10):1097-1100.
[4] Allen RP, Picchietti D, Hening WA, et al.Restless legs syndrome: diagnostic criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the restless legs syndrome diagnosis and epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health[J]. Sleep Med,2003,4(2):101-119.
[5] Trotti LM, Rye DB.Restless legs syndrome[J]. Handb Clin Neurol,2011,100:661-673.
[6] Trenkwalder C, Paulus W.Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management[J]. Nat Rev Neurol,2010,6(6):337-346.
[7] Ondo WG.Restless legs syndrome[J]. Neurol Clin,2009,27(3):779-799.
[8] Salas RE, Gamaldo CE, Allen RP, et al.Update in restless legs syndrome[J]. Curr Opin Neurol,2010,23(4):401-406.
[9] Peeraully T, Tan EK.Linking restless legs syndrome with Parkinson's disease: clinical, imaging and genetic evidence[J]. Transl Neurodegener,2012,1(1):6.
[10] Schormair B, Plag J, Kaffe M, et al.MEIS1 and BTBD9: genetic association with restless leg syndrome in end stage renal disease[J]. J Med Genet,2011,48(7):462-466.
[11] Hübner A, Krafft A, Gadient S, et al.Characteristics and determinants of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a prospective study[J]. Neurology,2013,80(8):738-742.
[12] Cannon PR, Larner AJ.Migraine and restless legs syndrome: is there an association?[J]. J Headache Pain,2011,12(4):405-409.
[13] Möller JC, Unger M, Stiasny-Kolster K, et al.Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and Parkinson's disease (PD)-rela-ted disorders or different entities?[J]. J Neurol Sci,2010,289(1-2):135-137.
[14] Ondo WG, Lai D.Association between restless legs syndrome and essential tremor[J]. Mov Disord,2006,21(4):515-518.
[15] Hattan E, Chalk C, Postuma RB.Is there a higher risk of restless legs syndrome in peripheral neuropathy?[J]. Neurology, 2009,72(11):955-960.
[16] Pourfar M, Feigin A.The numb and the restless: periphe-ral neuropathy and RLS[J]. Neurology,2009,72(11):950-951.
