目的： 分析2021年西藏自治区山南市居民的死亡特征，了解死亡原因及死因顺位，为制定相关防控策略提供依据。方法： 利用死亡率、标化死亡率、寿命损失年数（years of life lost， YLL）、早死概率、期望寿命指标，对2021年西藏自治区山南市居民的全因死亡数据进行分析。结果： 2021年西藏自治区山南市居民的总死亡率为500.3/10万（标化率1 060.9/10万）；男性死亡率为539.2/10万（标化率1 282.5/10万），女性死亡率为462.5/10万（标化率889.5/10万），男性死亡率高于女性；总死亡YLL为35 998.8年，男性为20 827.0年，女性为15 171.8年。居民前5位死因顺位分别是脑血管病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、传染病，这5类疾病占报告死亡数的71.7%。慢性非传染性疾病占全死因的68.4%；四大类主要慢病早死概率为17.5%，男性为21.9%，女性为13.5%。山南市居民的期望寿命为75.3岁，男性为72.9岁，女性为77.7岁。结论： 西藏自治区山南市居民中四大类主要慢病患者的早死概率高于全国水平，且四大类主要慢病是该市居民的主要死因。降低慢性病患者的过早死亡和YLL是预防和控制慢性病的主要目标。

Objective: To analyze the death characteristics of residents in Shannan City, Tibet autonomous region in 2021 for understanding the causes of death and the sequence of causes of death, and provide a basis for formulating re-levant prevention and control strategies. Methods: Indicators of mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, years of life lost (YLL), probability of premature death, and life expectancy to reflect causes of death were analyzed in Shannan City in 2021. Results: In 2021, the total mortality rate of residents in Shannan City was 500.3/100 000 (standardized rate 1060.9/100,000); the male mortality rate was 539.2/100 000 (standardized rate 1 282.5/100, 000); the female mortality rate was 462.5/100 000 (standardized rate 889.5/100 000). The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females. The total mortality YLL was 35 998.8, among which there was 20 827.0 for males and 15171.8 for females. The top five causes of death among residents were cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, malignant tumor, respiratory system disease, and infectious disease, accounting for 71.7% of the reported deaths. Chronic non-communicable diseases accounted for 68.4% of all deaths. The probability of premature death from the four main chronic diseases was 17.5%, among which there was 21.9% for men and 13.5% for women. The life expectancy of residents in Shannan was 75.3 years, 72.9 years for men and 77.7 years for women. Conclusions: The probability of premature death among Shannan city residents for four major categories of chronic diseases is higher than the national level, and the four major categories of chronic diseases are still the main causes of death in Shannan City residents. Reducing premature death and YLL from chronic diseases is the main goal of preventing and controlling chronic diseases.